预见性护理在新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病亚低温治疗中的效果

Effect of Predictive Nursing in Mild Hypothermia Treatment of Neonatal Ischemic Hypoxic Encephalopathy

目的 评价新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病亚低温治疗期间的护理需求,评价预见性护理干预的预后效果,以促进新生儿治疗预后。方法 选择我院2018年12月至2019年12月收治的80例新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病患者,采取亚低温治疗,根据治疗期间护理方案的不同进行分组,采取1∶1比例法。对照组(n=40)患儿采取常规护理,观察组(n=40)患儿采取预见性护理干预。比较两组亚低温治疗缺血缺氧性脑病新生儿的护理效果,包括新生儿行为神经评估量表(NBNA)、肌张力恢复时间、原始放射障碍恢复时间、意识障碍恢复时间、并发症发生率以及家属护理满意度。结果 组间肌张力、原始放射以及意识障碍恢复时间比较,观察组均明显短于对照组,P<0.05。组间NBNA评分以及家属护理满意度比较,观察组均高于对照组,P<0.05。组间上消化道出血、肺部感染、心律失常等相关并发症发生情况比较,观察组少于对照组,P<0.05。结论 新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病亚低温治疗的效果显著,但是患儿心率失常等并发症发生风险较高,配合预见性护理干预可以提高新生儿治疗的安全性,有助于促进康复。

Objective To evaluate the nursing needs of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy during mild hypothermia treatment, and to evaluate the prognostic effect of predictive nursing intervention to promote neonatal treatment prognosis. Methods Eighty neonates with hypoxicischemic encephalopathy who were admitted to our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were selected for mild hypothermia treatment,grouped according to different nursing plans during the treatment, and adopted a 1∶1 ratio method. Children in the control group(n=40) took routine care, and children in the observation group(n=40) took predictive nursing intervention. To compare the nursing effects of 2 groups of mild hypothermia on neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, including neonatal behavioral nerve score(NBNA score), muscle tone recovery time, original radiation recovery time, unconsciousness recovery time, complication rate, and family care satisfaction. Results Comparison of muscle tension, primitive radiation and recovery time of unconsciousness between the groups, the observation group were significantly shorter than the control group, P<0.05. Comparison of NBNA scores and family care satisfaction among the groups, the observation group were higher than the control group, P<0.05. Comparison of the occurrence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, lung infection, arrhythmia and other related complications between the groups, the observation group was less than the control group, P<0.05. Conclusion The effect of mild hypothermia in neonatal ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy is significant, but the risk of complications such as arrhythmia in children is higher. Cooperating with predictive nursing intervention can improve the safety of neonatal treatment and help recovery.