丁型流感病毒在中国的流行状况及研究进展

Ep idemiology and Research Advances of Influenza D Virus in China

丁型流感病毒是继甲型、乙型和丙型流感病毒之后的一种新型正粘病毒,2011年首次由美国从表现出流感样症状的猪只中分离出来,并于2016年被国际病毒分类委员会正式命名为丁型流感病毒。目前丁型流感病毒已广泛分布于美洲、亚洲、欧洲和非洲的数十个国家。丁型流感病毒利用牛作为其自然宿主和扩增宿主,并定期扩散到其他哺乳动物物种,包括猪、马、羊和骆驼等。因此,丁型流感病毒具有广泛的地域分布和宽泛的宿主范围。丁型流感病毒感染可导致牛患轻度至中度呼吸道疾病,被认为是牛呼吸系统疾病综合征的重要关联因子。血清学证据表明,丁型流感病毒具有感染人的潜在风险。我国研究人员于2014年首次在山东省的牛群中检测到丁型流感病毒,随后,来自不同团队的研究人员分别于2017、2021和2022年报道了丁型流感病毒核酸阳性病例。为更好地了解丁型流感病毒对我国畜牧养殖业的影响,系统综述了丁型流感病毒在我国的分布情况和研究进展,并分析了丁型流感病毒在我国的流行趋势及对我国畜牧养殖业的潜在威胁。

Influenza D virus,a new type of Orthomyxovirus following influenza A,B and C viruses,was first isolated from pigs exhibiting flu-like symptoms in the United States in 2011,and was officially named by the International Committee on Classification of Viruses in 2016.Currently,influenza D virus has been widely distributed in dozens of countries such as the Americas,Asia,Europe and Africa.Influenza D virus uses cattle as its natural and amplified host,which regularly spreads virus particles to other mammal species,including pigs,horses,sheep and camels.Therefore,influenza D virus has a wide geographical distribution and a broad host range.Influenza D virus infection can cause mild to moderate respiratory disease in cattle and is considered to be one of the major correlation factors of respiratory disease syndrome in cattle.Serological evidence suggests that influenza D virus is a potential risk for human infection.In China,researchers first detected influenza D virus in cattle in Shandong Province in 2014.Subsequently,researchers from different groups reported positive cases of influenza D virus in 2017,2021 and 2022.In order to better understand the influence of influenza D virus on animal industry in China,this review systematically summarizes the distribution and research progress of influenza D virus in China,and analyzes its epidemic trend and the potential threat to animal industry in China.