日本教师流动内驱力提升机制研究

The Promotion Mechanism of the Internal Drive of Teachers’ Mobility in Japan

日本基础教育均衡化水平位居世界前列,与其完善的教师流动制度从多层面提升教师的流动内驱力不无关系。日本明确了全员、定期、广域的流动为教师的义务与使命,促使公共意识成为教师流动内驱力的重要基底。同时,叠加多方面的权益保障,改善教师的流动境遇,尽可能为流动内驱力的生成减少现实障碍。在此基础上,日本申明流动之于教师的本体功能,重建教师“反思性实践家”的身份认同,协助教师将流动纳入职业生涯发展之中,并建设教师流动支持性共同体。这些努力有助于确保教师在流动中的主体性回归,激发教师的流动内驱力,最终实现“人”与“专业能量”在教育系统的双重高效流动。

The equalization level of basic education in Japan ranks among the top in the world is related to the teacher mobility system.An important reason for the success of the system is that it stimulates the internal drive of teachers’ mobility in a variety of ways.First,the mobility of all members,regular and wide areas is stipulated as the duty of teachers,so that public awareness becomes the basis of the internal drive of teachers’ mobility.Secondly,the mobility situation of teachers is improved through the combination of various rights and interests protection,so as to reduce the obstacles generation of the internal drive of teachers’ mobility.On this basis,Japan emphasizes the ontological function of teachers’ mobility,reconstructs the identity of teachers as "reflective practitioners",assists teachers to integrate mobility into their career development,and builds a supportive community for teacher mobility.The above measures ensure the return of teachers’ subjectivity in the mobility,arouse teachers’ internal drive,and finally realize the dual efficient flow of "people" and "professional energy" in the education system.