Luojia-01夜光数据和“点轴发育”理论支持下的夜间经济集聚区定量识别与分类方法

Quantitative Identification and Classification of the Nighttime Economic Agglomeration based on the Luojia-01 NTL Data and Pole-Axis Theory

“夜间经济”蕴含巨大的消费潜能和市场空间,夜间经济集聚区作为其载体,其准确识别、合理分类和科学布局是发展夜间经济的切入点和主要抓手,更是夜间经济可持续发展的保障。本文在“点轴发育、定量识别”的认知框架下,在定量表达夜间经济活力测度的基础上,利用焦点统计和ISO聚类分析方法提取和识别夜间经济集聚中心和集聚区,并根据区位熵及其变异系数对识别结果进行类型划分,克服了目前夜间经济实践中存在的集聚区范围划定主观随意、类型标准不一的问题,为夜间经济定量化研究开辟了新的思路。研究表明:(1)相较于DMPS/OLS及NPP-VIIRS等夜光遥感数据,Luojia1-01数据的空间分辨率高,溢出效应低,更适合于“夜间经济区”这种小尺度的精细化研究。(2)夜间灯光和兴趣点数据是夜间社会活力和功能活力的良好表征,其综合影响可通过夜间经济活力测度来定量表达;(3)上海推出的12个地标性夜生活集聚区中,有11个被识别,识别率达91.7%;(4)根据集聚区的功能结构差异,可将其划分为非平衡发展-起步型、平衡发展-起步型、非平衡发展-成熟型、平衡发展-成熟型4种类型,该分类方式具有普适性;(5)在起步阶段,上海中心城区夜间经济集聚区主导功能为购物、餐饮;在成熟阶段,其特色发展方向为住宿、科教文化和体育休闲功能。四大集聚区类型在空间分布上形成明显的圈层结构。

Nighttime economy contains huge consumption potential and market space.As the carrier of nighttime economy,accurate identification,reasonable classification,and scientific layout of nighttime economic agglomeration is important for the sustainable development of nighttime economy.Under the cognitive framework named"point-axis development and quantitative identification",and based on quantification of nighttime economic vitality,focal statistics and ISODATA are used to extract and identify nighttime economic agglomeration centers and agglomeration in this study.According to the location quotient and its coefficient,the nighttime economic agglomeration is classified.This process overcomes the problems of chaotic zoning and classification standards for nighttime economic agglomeration and introduces a new idea for the quantitative research of nighttime economy.The results show that:(1)Compared with DMPS/OLS and NPP-VIIRS,Luojia1-01 data have high spatial resolution and low spillover effect,which is more suitable for small-scale study of"nighttime economic agglomeration";(2)Nighttime light and POI data are good representations of nighttime social vitality and functional vitality,and their combined effects can be quantitatively expressed through the night economic vitality;(3)Of the 12 landmark nightlife agglomerations launched in Shanghai,11 are identified with a recognition rate of 91.7%;(4)According to the functional structure,nighttime agglomerations can be divided into four types:unbalanced developing-start-up type,balanced developing-startup type,unbalanced developing-maturation type,and balance developing-maturation type.The classification method is universal;(5)In the development stage,shopping and catering are the main functions of the agglomeration area.In the advanced stage,main functions turn to accommodation,sports and fitness,culture and education,and leisure and entertainment.These four types of nighttime agglomerations form an obvious circle structure spatially.