矢量喷水推进两栖车航行姿态的数值及试验分析

Numerical and Experimental Analysis on the Navigation Attitude of Vector Waterjet Propelled Amphibian Vehicles

为提高高速水陆两栖车的航行稳定性,降低两栖车遭遇波浪时的纵倾幅度,区别于多推进器构型策略,设计具备航向保持和姿态调整功能的单矢量喷水推进器系统应用于模型两栖车。基于多参考系的动参考系方法处理旋转流域,采用SST k-ω模型计算矢量喷水推进器的输出推力。结合CFD计算的推力结果,联合Vortex仿真计算装配有矢量喷水推进器的两栖车的航行特性。通过开展拖拽水池两栖车强制自航减摇试验和自由自航航向保持试验,验证矢量喷水推进器的功能。仿真和试验结果表明:矢量喷水推进器在一定程度上抑制两栖车在航行时遭遇纵波时的纵摇幅度,两次减摇试验车体纵倾角标准差分别降低38%、23%;同时矢量喷水推进器可使两栖车在水上航行时保持航向稳定,航向保持试验中车体横向位移小于0.6 m。

To improve the navigational stability of high-speed amphibious vehicles and reduce the pitch of the amphibious vehicle when encountering waves,a single vector water jet thruster system that can keep heading and adjust attitude is designed and applied to a model amphibious vehicle,as opposed to a multi-thruster configuration.Based on the Moving Reference Frame method for rotational basins,the RNG k-εmodel is used to calculate the output thrust of the vectored waterjet thruster.Combined with the thrust results from the CFD calculations,joint vortex simulations are used to calculate the sailing characteristics of the amphibious vehicle fitted with vector water jet thrusters.The free-running heading-keeping experiment and forced-running pitch-reduction experiment are carried out on the towing pool model vehicle to verify the functions of the thruster.The simulation and experiment results show that the thruster can,to a certain extent,reduce the amphibious vehicle s pitch amplitude when encountering longitudinal waves during navigation,and the standard deviation of the vehicle s pitch is reduced by 38%and 23%,respectively,in the two pitch-reduction experiments.The vector water jet thruster also allows the amphibious vehicle to maintain a stable heading during navigation,and the lateral displacement of the vehicle is less than 0.6 m in the heading-keeping experiment.