理性的批判,辩证的批判,建设性的批判

Rational Criticism,Dialectical Criticism and Constructive Criticism

批判性思维是对他人或自己的判断与推理开展批判(审视与质疑、分析与评估)的过程,是为达成更完善的判断与推理,针对现有判断与推理的证据与逻辑所开展的基于证据、符合逻辑的批判。理性的批判、辩证的批判、建设性的批判,是批判性思维的本质追求。背离批判性思维这一本质追求,将导致“批判性过度”。“批判性过度”与批判性缺失一样,均是批判性思维水平低的表现。

Critical thinking is the process of criticizing(examining and questioning, analyzing and evaluating) the judgement and reasoning of others or oneself. It is the evidence-based and logical criticism carried out in order to reach more perfect judgement and reasoning that aims at the evidence and logic of current judgement and reasoning. Rational criticism, dialectical criticism and constructive criticism are the essential pursuit of critical thinking. Deviating from this essential pursuit will lead to “excessive criticality” which is a low level of critical thinking like “deficient criticality”.