高校扩招与城乡高等教育机会不平等

Higher-Education Expansion and the Urban-Rural Inequality of Opportunity to Enter College

本文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS2015)数据,运用Mare提出的教育logit模型来分析高等教育入学机会的影响因素。研究发现,拥有城镇户籍的人比农村户籍的人有更高的概率接受高等教育。父辈受教育程度也会在很大程度上影响下一代人接受高等教育的概率,父代的学历越高,对后代的受教育水平的正向影响越大。研究结果显示,高校扩招缩小了城镇和农村地区的入学机会不平等程度,但教育机会不平等在城乡间仍然存在。因此,教育政策应当继续着力于缩小城镇和农村地区高等教育入学机会不平等程度,以使全体人民获得公平的教育机会。

Using data from CGSS2015 and logit model proposed by Mare,this study investigates the factors that affect the opportunity to enter college.This study finds that people with urban identity have greater chance to enter college than people with rural identity.Besides,parents’educational attainment can also influence children’s probability of entering college.The higher education attainment the parents have,the larger advantage the next generation gain.Moreover,the paper finds that the higher education expansion policy reduced the urban-rural inequality in college enrollment,but the gap still exists.Thus,the educational policy should spare no effort to reduce the education inequality gap between rural and urban residents,making sure that the majority of people have equal opportunity to obtain education.