10个桃杂交组合F1代主要果实性状遗传倾向分析与优势亲本筛选

Genetic Predisposition Analysis of Main Fruit Traits and Screening of Dominant Parents in F1 Generation of 10 Peach Cross Combinations

【目的】探究桃杂交组合F代主要果实性状的遗传倾向及其相关性,为筛选桃育种骨干亲本和优势杂交组合提供理论依据。【方法】对10个桃杂交组合F代及其亲本的果肉颜色、果实生育期、单果重及内在品质指标地开展遗传倾向分析与相关性分析。【结果】通过桃杂交F代果肉颜色性状分离的卡方检验结果和亲本表型分析,证实WP-1、‘霞脆’、红不软和‘胭脂脆桃’控制果肉颜色性状的基因型均为杂合型(Yy)。通过对F代果实主要性状的遗传倾向分析与相关性分析,筛选出1个有利于获得短生育期杂交后代的优势组合与1个优势父本,2个提高杂交后代单果重的优势组合与1个优势父本,2个提高杂交后代可溶性固形物含量的优势组合与2个优势父本,1个有利于获得低酸杂交后代的优势组合与1个优势父本,以及1个有利于获得高维生素C含量杂交后代的优势组合和2个优势父本。【结论】桃杂交F代果实生育期和可溶性固形物含量可作为筛选桃杂交后代优良单株的核心指标。通过果实性状遗传倾向分析,能够快速筛选桃育种骨干亲本和优势杂交组合。

【Objective】 It’s aimed to investigate the genetic predisposition and correlation of main fruit traits in Fgeneration of peach cross combinations,and to provide theoretical basis for screening core parents and dominant cross combination in peach breeding.【Method】In this study,the genetic predisposition and correlation analysis of flesh color,fruit growth period,single fruit weight and internal quality indexes of Fgenerations of 10 peach crosses and their parents were carried out.【Result】By chi-square test of pulp color character separation and phenotypic analysis of parents,it was confirmed that the genotypes of WP-1,’Xiacui’ ’Hongburuan’ and ’Yanzhichao’ controlling pulp color character were heterozygous(Yy). Through the genetic predisposition analysis and correlation analysis of the main traits of Fgeneration fruit,we screened out one dominant combination and one dominant father,which were beneficial to obtain short growth period of hybrid offspring,two dominant combinations and one dominant male parent,which were beneficial to increase the fruit weight of hybrid progenies,two dominant combinations and two dominant fathers,which were beneficial to improve the soluble solid content of hybrid progenies,one dominant combination and one dominant parent,which were beneficial to obtain low acid hybrid offspring. In addition,we also obtained one dominant combination and two dominant fathers,which were favorable for obtaining hybrid progenies with high vitamin C content. 【Conclusion】 Fruit growth period and soluble solids content of Fgeneration of peach hybrid could be used as the core indicators to select superior individual plants of peach hybrid offspring. By analyzing the genetic tendency of fruit traits,the key parents and dominant cross combinations in peach breeding could be selected quickly.