恩格斯晚年国家学说的创新思想及其当代启示

Engels's Innovative Theory of the State in His Late Years and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

恩格斯晚年维护、捍卫和发展马克思主义理论,对国家问题提出了许多新思想新论断,包括对资本主义从否定到扬弃的新认识、无产阶级解放途径实现了向综合运用革命与和平的策略转变、社会主义社会是经常变革的社会、社会发展动力的“历史合力论”思想等。这些理论基于唯物史观视角从马克思主义哲学、政治经济学、科学社会主义等多学科多领域阐释和发展了马克思主义国家学说,不仅直接被用于指导当时国际共产主义运动的具体实践,而且对于当前处于世界百年未有之大变局下的社会主义国家如何实现文明之治等问题,依然具有重要的启示意义。

In his later years,Engels maintained,defended and developed the Marxist theory,and put forward many new ideas and new assertions on the state issue,including the new understanding of capitalism from negation to sublation,the strategic transformation of the proletarian liberation approach to the comprehensive use of revolution and peace,regarding socialist society as a constantly changing society and the thought of"historical resultant force".These theories,based on the perspective of historical materialism,explained and developed the Marxist theory of the state from Marxist philosophy,political economy and scientific socialism.They were not only directly used to guide the specific practice of the international communist movement at that time,but also still have important enlightenment on how to achieve the rule of civilization in a socialist country amid global changes of a magnitude not seen in a century.