甘蔗根际微生态及其与黑穗病防治之间的关系

Sugarcane Rhizosphere Microecology and Its Relationship with Smut Control

黑穗病严重危害甘蔗生产,造成蔗茎产量降低和蔗糖分损失。该病害通过气传和土传等方式传播,其病原菌的孢子能在高温干燥环境下存活半年以上。根际微生态是根系与土壤紧密联系的微型生态体系。该体系的环境因素如土壤微生物、根系分泌物、土壤理化性质等对作物生长发育有着极为重要的影响。同样地,根际微生态与植物病害的发展和防控也有着极其密切关系。甘蔗根际微生态系统的特征及其与黑穗病之间内在联系的阐述,有助于甘蔗黑穗病的早期预防及生防资源的开拓挖掘。本文从甘蔗黑穗病的发生与危害、植物根际微生态与病害的关系、甘蔗根际微生态及黑穗病防治这几方面,对前人研究进展进行综述,旨在为甘蔗根际微生态的研究和优异生防资源的挖掘及甘蔗黑穗病的高效防治提供参考和借鉴。

Sugarcane smut seriously endangers sugarcane production,resulting in reduced sugarcane yield and sucrose loss.It is dispered through wind and soil,its teliospores could survive for more than half a year in hot and dry conditions.Rhizosphere microecology is a micro-ecosystem in which roots are closely related to soil.The environmental factors of the system,such as soil microorganisms,root exudates and soil physicochemical properties,have an extremely important impact on the growth and development of plant.Similarly,the development and prevention and control of plant diseases is also closely related.The research on characteristics of sugarcane rhizosphere micro-ecosystem and the internal relationship between it and sugarcane smut is conducive to the early prevention of sugarcane smut and the exploration of biocontrol resources.This paper summarizes the previous research progress from the following these aspects:the occurrence and harm of sugarcane smut,the relationship between plant rhizosphere microecology and diseases,sugarcane rhizosphere microecology and smut control.It aims to provide reference for the research of sugarcane rhizosphere microecology,the excavation of excellent biological control resources and the efficient control of sugarcane smut.