人群对温度适应性的研究进展

Research progress on population adaptation to temperature

气温是与人类生活密切相关的环境因素,全球气候变化导致极端气象事件和气候异常发生频率和强度呈增加态势,对人体健康造成的不良影响也日益受到关注。近年来,在气候变化和城市化进程不断推进的背景下,人群对热和/或冷影响的易感性随时间变化的流行病学证据不断出现,本文首先总结了适应性的定义,其次回顾了国内外温度健康风险及其时间变化的相关研究,探讨不同研究中人群对温度适应性是否存在的结论;再次,对适应性影响因素的研究进展进行了综述。最后,本文归纳了适应性相关研究中的常用分析方法,并针对适应性探索性研究存在的局限性提出展望。合理识别人群对温度的适应性对未来气候健康影响评估与预测具有重要科学意义。

Temperature is an environmental factor closely related to human daily life.Global climate change has led to an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme meteorological events and climate anomalies.The associated adverse health also attracted public attention.Recently,with the processes of climate change and urbanization,epidemiological evidence pointing to a temporal change of population susceptibility to heat and/or cold over time has emerged.This paper summarized the definition of adaptation and then reviewed the studies on temporal change in temperature-related health risks at home and abroad,exploring whether the adaptation to temperature confirmed among different.Next,the research progress of influencing factors of adaptation.Finally,the common analytical methods of adaptation were reviewed.We also put forward an outlook based on the limitations of current exploratory studies.Rational identification of adaptation to temperature is of important scientific significance for the evaluation and prediction of the health effect of future climate.