从哲学史角度看体认语言学的科学性和前沿性——体认语言学的哲学基础研究之二

Rationality and Frontier of Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics from the Perspective of History of Philosophy:The Philosophical Foundation of Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics Ⅱ

中国学者王寅教授创立的体认语言学问世,呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。文章从西方哲学史切入,基于王寅本人对西方哲学史三次转向的批判性借鉴和第四次转向的提出,厘清体认语言学的科学基础之一(同时关注语言的主观性和客观性),论证其科学性和前沿性,为体认哲学的建立奠定基础。研究发现,从本体论经由认识论,再到语言论,整个西方哲学史贯穿着一条从忽视主观性到重视主观性,从忽视语言到重视语言的发展线索;语言就其本质而言,是主观性和客观性两种因素的有机整体。体认语言学正是因为捕捉到主、客观二重性有机统一这一语言本质属性,从而成功避免了语言研究中容易犯的或重视客观性,或重视主观性的偏误,并且拥有符合语言本身情况的科学性;也因为坚持主、客观两手抓,从而超越或者重视语言客观属性,或者重视语言主观属性的研究范式,具有语言研究前沿性的特点。

Founded by Chinese scholar professor Wang Yin,Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics is under vigorous development.Based on his critical reference from the three turns in the history of Western philosophy and his proposal of its fourth turn,this article attempts to clarify one of the scientific bases of Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics(focusing on the subjectivity and objectivity of language at the same time)and demonstrate its scientific and advanced natures,thus laying foundation for the establishment of Embodied-Cognitive Philosophy from the perspective of history of Western philosophy.The research finds that from ontology to epistemology,then to language theory,development of the whole history of western philosophy shows a shift from ignoring subjectivity to attaching importance to subjectivity,from ignoring language to attaching importance to language.The nature of language is the integral combination of subjective and objective factors.Precisely because of the attention on the duality of unified subjectivity and objectivity of language nature,Embodied-Cognitive Linguistics successfully avoids the bias in language study:either attaching great importance to objectivity,or attaching great importance to subjectivity,and scientifically meets with the requirements of language itself;Because of the balanced focus on subjectivity and objectivity,it transcends the research paradigms of separate concern on objective or subjective nature of language,which generates its characteristic of advanced nature.