语言哲学的语言植物研究法和概念工程及其关联性

The Relevance between Linguistic Botanizing and Conceptual Engineering in Philosophy of Language

格莱斯用“语言植物研究法”来概括他个人和牛津大学日常语言学派的语言哲学研究,并认为现代语言哲学堪与古希腊哲学媲美,是哲学发展的必然成就。现代语言哲学发展至今出现了新的研究动态,即概念工程研究。什么是语言植物研究法?什么是概念工程研究?二者有何关联性?这三个问题是语言哲学研究不可忽视的问题。语言植物研究法是语言哲学研究的典型方法,它与概念工程研究至少具有三点关联性,有相同的出发点、相同的研究旨趣和相同的思想原则。语言哲学曾受人诟病琐碎,离散性太强。针对这些观点,语言植物研究法和概念工程研究重视概念分析的系统性和概念工程建设的连续性。语言哲学研究并非一味地沉迷于对语言细节的考察,相反,语言哲学具有哲学本有的任务与作用。语言哲学的研究者或为语言分析师、概念分析师、哲学治疗师及概念工程师。

The term“linguistic botanizing”is coined by Grice to generalize both his achievement and the corporate achievement of the Oxford Ordinary Language School in philosophy of language,a necessary achievement in western philosophy fruitfully comparable between the Greek ancestors and the philosophers of language in the modern times.Modern philosophy of language has embraced a new trend:conceptual engineering has surged to the arena of philosophical investigation.What is linguistic botanizing?What is conceptual engineering?What is the relevance between the two?The three questions need further elaboration.It has been found that linguistic botanizing as a typical method for conceptual analysis has enjoyed at least three points shared with conceptual engineering:the same research orientation,the same tenet,and the same guideline to thoughts.Since philosophy of language has been mislabeled as something trivial in philosophy,both linguistic botanizing and conceptual engineering shed an emphatic light on the systematic and continuous study of concepts.Therefore,doing philosophy of language is not a mere scrutiny of language itself.Instead,philosophy of language has its own tasks and uses.Philosophers of language can choose to play roles of linguistic analyst,conceptual analyst,therapeutic philosopher and conceptual engineer.