摘要
The rapid development of human society has led to much increased consumption of energy,which results in global energy shortage as well as serious environmental concerns due to the use of non-sustainable fossil fuels.For example,the heavy relay on the use of coal and oil leads to carbon emission which is a major factor for global warming and climate change.Developing green and sustainable energy paths becomes more urgent than ever.In this regard,energy sources like sunshine,wind,and water are important to build a clean and sustainable future.For example,one could generate electricity from sun by solar cell devices.Later,such electricity can be stored either in the form of charges by batteries or supercapacitors,or stored in the form of chemicals by electrochemical catalysis conversion,which can be transported over a long distance or stored for a long time for end use.The efficiency of these new energy technologies and devices including photovoltaic,energy storage,and energy conversion,is key which determines whether they can be largescale implemented.High-performance materials play central rules in determining the efficiency of these technologies and therefore largely influence the use of these clean energy technologies and paths toward global mission of carbon neutrality.
