细胞焦亡与肾脏疾病的关系研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between pyroptosis and kidney diseases

细胞焦亡(pyroptosis)是具有凋亡和坏死特征的一种新型程序性细胞死亡。为了探究细胞焦亡在肾脏疾病中的机制,该文比较在急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏疾病以及糖尿病肾病模型中相关细胞焦亡蛋白表达情况。综述发现,在病理肾组织中,NLRP3、Caspase蛋白表达上调并切割消皮素D(gasdermin D, GSDMD)蛋白,使相应细胞的细胞膜破裂,随即释放炎性因子IL-1β和IL-18,诱导细胞焦亡。由此,在许多肾脏疾病中NLRP3-Caspase-GSDMD-IL-1β/IL-18参与其中并介导炎症反应,加重疾病的发展。现就细胞焦亡机制与肾脏疾病的关系进行阐述。

Pyroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death with some characteristics similar to apoptosis and necrosis. In order to explore the mechanisms of pyroptosis in kidney diseases, this review compares the expression of pyroptosis-related proteins in disease models including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy. In pathologic kidney tissues, the expressions of NLRP3 and caspase proteins are up-regulated and in turn gasdermin D(GSDMD) is cleaved which ruptures the cell membrane and releases inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 to induce pyroptosis. Therefore, in many kidney diseases, NLRP3-caspase-GSDMD-IL-1β/IL-18 axis mediates the inflammatory response and promotes the disease development. This review aims to elucidate the relationship between pyroptosis and kidney diseases.