不同摘薹次数对油菜菜薹、鲜草产量和经济效益的影响

Effects of young stem picking times on rapeseed stem,fresh grass yield and economic benefit

为提高甘蓝型油菜作绿肥的种植效益,开展不同摘薹方式对油菜菜薹、鲜草产量及其经济效益的影响研究。结果表明:随摘薹次数增加,供试油菜品种(系)的花期延长,菜薹产量及其产值增加,鲜草产量降低。1次摘薹处理的油菜鲜草产量较对照减产不显著,2次摘薹处理的油菜较对照减产显著,且3个品种(系)间和不同处理间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。在相同处理下,甘蓝型油菜新品系沪油肥1号的菜薹量和鲜草产量最高。在摘薹后未追肥的条件下,沪油肥1号摘1次薹和2次薹的鲜草产量分别为46 850.0 kg∕hm~2和40 800.0 kg∕hm~2,明显高于‘沪油21’(35 816.7 kg∕hm~2和30 383.3 kg∕hm~2)和沪油肥2号(35 466.7 kg∕hm~2和30 883.3 kg∕hm~2)。沪油肥1号的生物产量和产薹量较高,适合作为“菜肥两用型”优质绿肥油菜品种推广应用。

In order to promote the economic benefits of rapeseed as green manure planting,the effects of stem picking methods on young stem,fresh grass yield and economic benefit were studied.The results showed that the flowering period prolonged,young stem yield and output value increased,while fresh grass yield decreased with increasing of stem picking times for rapeseed.The rapeseed yield of fresh grass was decreased after main stem picking compared with control,but not significant.While it was decreased significantly after main stem and branch picking compared with control.And there were significant differences(P< 0.01) among the three rapeseed varieties and different treatments.The young stem and fresh grass yields of rapeseed Huyoufei No.1 were the highest under same condition among the experimental cultivars.The fresh grass yield of Huyoufei No.1 under non-topdressing was 46 850.0 kg∕hm~2 after main stem picking and 40 800.0 kg∕hm~2 after branch picking,respectively.Which was significantly higher than ’ Huyou 21’(35 816.7 kg∕hm~2and 30 383.3 kg∕hm~2) and Huyoufei No.2(35 466.7 kg∕hm~2 and 30 883.3 kg∕hm~2).Huyoufei No.1 had a higher yield of biological and young stem,which was suitable for the promotion and application as ’ green manure and vegetable’ dual functional rapeseed variety.