健康教育联合针对性饮食干预对慢性肾炎患者遵医行为及血脂水平的影响

Effect of Health Education Combined with Targeted Diet Intervention on Compliance Behavior and Blood Lipid Level of Patients with Chronic Nephritis

目的:探讨健康教育联合针对性饮食干预对慢性肾炎患者遵医行为及血脂水平的影响。方法:选取2019年1月—2020年10月莆田学院附属医院收治的98例慢性肾炎患者作为研究对象,依据双盲法将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各49例。对照组患者采用常规护理干预,观察组患者在此基础上采用健康教育联合针对性饮食干预。比较两组患者遵医行为、血脂水平[总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)]及生活质量。结果:干预后,两组患者不擅自停药、不滥用药、按医嘱服药、限盐评分均较干预前高,且与对照组患者相比,观察组患者上述评分更高,差异有统计学意义(t=7.590,9.992,7.194,9.402,P<0.05);干预后,两组患者TC、LDL-C、TG水平均较干预前低,HDL-C水平较干预前高,且与对照组患者比,观察组患者上述指标改善更显著,差异有统计学意义(t=5.231,3.552,5.480,8.392,P<0.05);干预后,两组患者日常活动能力、总体健康、躯体功能、社会功能、身体疼痛、心理健康、活力、精神活动能力评分均较干预前高,且与对照组患者相比,观察组患者上述评分更高,差异有统计学意义(t=5.545,4.803,5.351,6.380,4.597,5.807,6.781,4.202,P<0.05)。结论:健康教育联合针对性饮食干预可提高慢性肾炎患者遵医行为,利于提高血脂控制效果,提升生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the effect of health education combined with targeted dietary intervention on compliance with medicine and blood lipid levels in patients with chronic nephritis.Methods:Ninety-eight patients with chronic nephritis admitted to the hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the study subjects and were divided into control group of patients and observation group of 49 patients each based on the double-blind method.The control group used conventional nursing interventions,and the observation group used health education combined with targeted dietary interventions on this basis.The compliance behavior,lipid levels(total cholesterol[TC],low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[LDL-C],triglycerides[TG],high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[HDL-C])and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,patients in both groups did not stop medication without authorization,did not abuse medication,took medication as prescribed,and had higher salt restriction scores than before the intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=7.590,9.992,7.194,9.402,P<0.05).After the intervention,TC,LDL-C and TG levels were lower and HDL-C levels were higher in both groups than before the intervention,and the improvement was more significant in the observation group,with statistically significant differences(t=5.231,3.552,5.480,8.392,P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores of daily activity,general health,somatic function,social function,physical pain,mental health,vitality,and mental mobility were higher in both groups than before the intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=5.545,4.803,5.351,6.380,4.597,5.807,6.781,4.202,P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education combined with targeted dietary interventions can improve compliance behaviors of patients with chronic nephritis and contribute to improved lipid control and quality of life.