早期康复训练对老年冠心病患者心功能及生活质量的影响

Effect of Early Rehabilitation Training on Cardiac Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

目的:探讨早期康复训练对老年冠心病患者心功能及生活质量的影响。方法:选择2019年2月—2021年2月江西省九江市第一人民医院收治的86例老年冠心病患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为两组,每组各43例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上采用早期康复训练,持续3个月。比较两组患者心功能、心理状态[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]评分、生活质量[健康调查简表(SF-36)]和心脏不良事件。结果:干预前,两组患者心功能、心理状态和生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,观察组患者左心室射血分数(LVEF)较对照组患者高,左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)较对照组患者低,差异有统计学意义(t=4.031、4.071、4.084,P<0.05)。观察组患者SAS、SDS评分较对照组患者低,差异有统计学意义(t=9.381、6.796,P<0.05)。观察组患者SF-36各项评分较对照组患者高,差异有统计学意义(t=4.259、5.158、4.328、5.175、6.031、4.062、4.338、5.867,P<0.05)。观察组患者心脏不良事件发生率(4.65%)低于对照组患者(18.60%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.074,P<0.05)。结论:老年冠心病患者接受早期康复训练,能够减轻不良情绪,促进心脏功能恢复,预防心脏不良事件的发生,改善患者生活质量。

Objective:To investigate the effects of early rehabilitation training on cardiac function and quality of life in elderly patients with coronary artery disease.Methods:86 elderly patients with coronary heart disease admitted to the hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as study subjects and divided into two groups according to the random number table method,with 43 cases in each group.The control group received conventional care,and the observation group used early rehabilitation training on the basis of conventional care for 3 months.Cardiac function,psychological status(Self-Assessment Scale for Anxiety[SAS],Self-Rating Scale for Depression[SDS])scores,quality of life(Short Form of Health Survey[SF-36])and adverse cardiac events were compared between the two groups.Results:Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in cardiac function,psychological status and quality of life scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After the intervention,the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was higher in the observation group than in the control group,and the left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVESD)and left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVEDD)were lower than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=4.031,4.071,4.084,P<0.05).SAS and SDS scores were lower in the observation group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=9.381,6.796,P<0.05).All SF-36 scores were higher in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=4.259,5.158,4.328,5.175,6.031,4.062,4.338,5.867,P<0.05).The incidence of adverse cardiac events was lower in the observation group(4.65%)than in the control group(18.60%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.074,P<0.05).Conclusion:Early rehabilitation training for elderly patients with coronary heart disease can reduce adverse emotions,promote recovery of cardiac function,prevent adverse cardiac events and improve patients’quality of life.