基于废弃聚苯硫醚滤料的多层吸声材料制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of multilayer sound absorption materials based on waste polyphenylene sulfide filter materials

为解决废旧聚苯硫醚(PPS)滤袋难处理的问题,将其回收进行碱洗处理,再利用热风黏合成形加工方法将碱洗处理的滤袋与不同厚度规格的聚氨酯(PU)膜相结合制备多层吸声复合材料。借助扫描电子显微镜、垂直法阻燃性能测试仪、电子织物强力机、噪声振动测试系统对PPS+PU+PPS与PPS+PU+PPS+PU+PPS这2种结构形貌特征、阻燃性能、力学性能、吸声隔声性能进行表征。结果表明:碱洗处理的滤袋表面依然残留少量粉尘颗粒,但并未出现纤维破损断裂的现象,纤维间孔隙较多,复合材料纤维间的孔隙减少,内部变得致密;处理后的复合材料,阻燃性能与单层PPS滤料相比,依旧保持较好,在同种结构中,其力学性能均与PU膜厚度呈现正相关;2种结构中,吸声系数呈现出相同的变化趋势,并且大小与膜厚呈现负相关,高频阶段最大可达0.27,传递损失程度与膜厚呈现负相关,PPS+PU+PPS+PU+PPS结构在高频阶段最高可达41 dB。

In order to recycle the waste polyphenylene sulfide(PPS)filter bag,it was treated by alkali washing,and then the multi-layer sound-absorbing composite material was prepared by combining the alkali washed filter bag and polyurethane(PU)film of different thickness and specification by hot air bonding and molding processing method.With scanning electron microscope,vertical combustion tester,electronic fabric strength machine and noise vibration test system,the morphological characteristics,flame retardancy,mechanical properties,sound absorption and insulation properties of PPS+PU+PPS and PPS+PU+PPS+PU+PPS were characterized.The results show that a small amount of dust particles remain on the surface of the alkali washed filter bag,but there was no trace of fiber damage and fracture.There were more pores between fibers,and the pores between composite fibers were reduced with a densified interior.Compared with the single-layer PPS filter material,the flame retardancy of the treated composite remained to be satisfactory.For the same structure,its mechanical properties were positively correlated with the thickness of PU film.For the two structures,The sound absorption coefficient shows the same change characteristics,and its size is negatively correlated with the film thickness,up to 0.27 in the high-frequency stage.However,the transmission loss is negatively correlated with the film thickness,and the PPS+PU+PPS+PU+PPS structure is up to 41 dB in the high-frequency stage.