复合微生物肥对粮饲兼用型玉米绿博6号光合特性、农艺性状及产量的影响

Effects of compound microbial fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics,agronomic traits and yield of dual-purpose Lvbo No.6 corn

【目的】研究复合微生物肥对粮饲兼用型玉米光合特性、农艺性状及产量的影响,以期为风沙土地区玉米生产提供指导。【方法】以绿博6号玉米为试材,设置6种复合微生物肥施用水平,0(CK)、375(T_(1))、750(T_(2))、1500(T_(3))、3000(T_(4))、3750 kg/hm^(2)(T5),测定分析玉米生长、光合及产量指标。【结果】施用复合微生物肥能有效促进玉米生长并提高玉米产量,与CK相比,T_(4)及T5处理叶片气孔导度和蒸腾速率显著提高,T_(3)、T_(4)及T5处理玉米净光合速率分别提高15.70%、20.79%和26.38%;T_(1)~T5处理株高及茎粗较CK分别提高26.92%~52.26%、47.73%~73.18%;T_(1)~T5处理穗行数、行粒数,穗长及穗粗较CK都有显著提高,籽粒产量增加55.54%~180.92%;玉米种植产投比随施肥量增加呈抛物线型变化,T_(3)处理产投比最大。【结论】施用复合微生物肥后,玉米光合特性、农艺性状明显改善,产量显著增加,综合考虑产投比,复合微生物肥施用量1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3))为最佳推荐施肥量。

【Objective】To study the effects of compound microbial fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics,agronomic traits and yield of dual-purpose corn,so as to afford guidance for corn production in windy and sandy areas.【Method】The growth,photosynthetic and yield indicators of the Lvbo No.6 corn were analyzed in six different soil compound microbial fertilizers levels:0 kg/hm^(2)(CK),375 kg/hm^(2)(T_(1)),750 kg/hm^(2)(T_(2)),1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3)),3000 kg/hm2(T_(4)),and 3750 kg/hm2(T_(5)).【Result】Compound microbial fertilizer can effectively promote growth and boost corn yields.Compared with CK,T_(4) and T_(5) showed significantly improved the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate,while T_(3),T_(4),and T_(5) showed increased net photosynthesis rate by 15.70%,20.79%,and 26.38%respectively.T_(1)~T_(5) showed increased plant height and stem thickness by 26.92%~52.26%and 47.73%~73.18%respectively compared with CK.Rows per ear,grains per row,ear length and ear thickness of T_(1)~T_(5) were significantly improved compared with CK,while kernel production increased by 55.54%~180.92%.With the increase of fertilizer,the cost-benefit ratios of the corn changed as a curve with a single peak,with T_(3) showing the most dramatic change.【Conclusion】After the application of compound microbial fertilizer,corn photosynthetic characteristics and agronomic traits were significantly enhanced,and yield increased dramatically.However,given the cost-benefit ratios,the recommended amount of compound microbial fertilizer is 1500 kg/hm^(2)(T_(3)).