基于DPSIR-TOPSIS模型的长春市水资源脆弱性评价

Water Resource Vulnerability Assessment of Changchun City Based on DPSIR-TOPSIS Model

[目的]分析吉林省长春市水资源脆弱性现状及影响因素,为长春市水资源开发利用、保护及管理提供参考。[方法]结合长春市水资源现状,基于DPSIR模型选取19项指标构建了长春市水资源脆弱性评价体系,采用熵权法计算各项指标权重,采用TOPSIS法对长春市2005-2019年水资源脆弱性状况进行评价。[结果]长春市水资源系统仅2005年处于轻度脆弱水平,2006-2019年在区间[0.3,0.5]波动,处于中等脆弱水平;各子系统对综合评价结果的影响力为:压力(P)>影响(I)>驱动力(D)>状态(S)>响应(R)。[结论]长春市总用水量和水资源总量是影响其水资源脆弱性的重要因素,地下水较地表水对水资源脆弱性影响更大。政府应持续加大在节能环保方面投入资金,出台相关环境保护政策,提高城市水污染治理力度。进一步优化水资源配置,推广节水灌溉技术,提高水资源利用率,缓解枯水年供水压力。

[Objective]The current situation and influencing factors of water resource vulnerability in Changchun City,Jilin Province were analyzed in order to provide a reference for the development,utilization,protection,and management of water resources in Changchun City.[Methods]The DPSIR model was used to construct a water resource vulnerability evaluation system based on 19 indicators.The entropy weighting method was used to calculate the weights of each indicator.The TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the water resources vulnerability status of Changchun City from 2005 to 2019.[Results]The water resource system of Changchun City was at a mild vulnerability level in 2005,and fluctuated between 0.3 and 0.5 from 2006 to 2019(a medium vulnerability level).The influence of each sub-system on the comprehensive evaluation results followed the order of pressure(P)>impact(I)>driving force(D)>state(S)>response(R).[Conclusion]Total water use and total water resources are important factors influencing water resource vulnerability in Changchun City,and groundwater has a greater impact on water resource vulnerability than surface water.The government should continue to increase investments in energy conservation and environmental protection,introduce relevant environmental protection policies,improve the treatment of urban water pollution,further optimize the allocation of water resources,promote water-saving irrigation technology,improve the utilization rate of water resources,and alleviate the pressure on water supplies in dry years.