上海市青浦区老年人常见慢性疾病与痴呆的相关性研究

Correlation between common chronic diseases and dementia among elderly:people in Qingpu District of Shanghai City

目的探讨高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、冠心病等老年人常见慢性疾病与痴呆的相关性,为痴呆的防控提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样法抽取上海市青浦区60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象。利用问卷调查研究对象的一般人口学特征、慢性疾病患病情况,通过简易智力状态检查量表评估研究对象的认知功能。采用χ2检验和非参数秩和检验分析不同特征研究对象认知状况的差异;采用二分类logistic回归模型分析慢性疾病对痴呆的影响。共发放问卷1200份,回收有效问卷1143份,有效回收率为95.3%。结果1143名老年人中被评估为痴呆273名,筛查阳性率为23.9%。不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、冠心病、慢性病患病数老年人痴呆流行情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患高血压且指标控制不正常、患高血脂且指标控制不正常、慢性病患病数是痴呆的影响因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论上海市青浦区老年人痴呆筛查阳性率较高,在制定相关干预措施时应考虑老年人群高血压、高血脂等慢性疾病患病及指标控制情况,以降低痴呆发生率。

Objective To explore the correlation between common chronic diseases such as hypertension,diabetes,high blood fats and coronary heart disease with dementia.Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 1143 elderly people aged 60 years old and over in Qingpu district of Shanghai City as the research subjects,and the questionnaire was used to investigate the general demographic characteristics and chronic disease prevalence of the study subjects.The cognitive function of the subjects was evaluated by Mini-mental State Examination.The X 2 inspection and nonparametric rank sum test were used to analyze the difference of cognition in different characteristic subjects;the binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of chronic diseases on dementia.Results Among the 1143 elderly people,273 cases were evaluated as dementia,and the screening positive rate was 23.9%.There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of dementia among the elderly people with different gender,age,education level,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,coronary heart disease and chronic diseases(P<0.05).Hypertension with abnormal control of indicators,hyperlipidemia with abnormal control of indicators,and the number of chronic diseases were the influencing factors of dementia(P<0.05).Conclusion The screening positive rate of dementia among elderly people in Qingpu District of Shanghai City is relatively high.In order to reduce the incidence rate of dementia,the chronic diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia and the indicator control situation should be considered in the formulation of relevant intervention measures..