基于田口灰色关联法对Fe06-15%TiC熔覆层激光工艺参数的优化

Optimization of Laser Process Parameters of Fe06-15%TiC Cladding Layer Based on Taguchi Grey Correlation Method

激光熔覆技术作为一种新型的表面改性技术已广泛用于各个领域。熔覆层的形貌和质量与激光工艺参数直接相关,为了获得合适的工艺参数,采用田口法设计了三因素五水平共25组的正交试验,将激光功率、扫描速度、送粉率作为输入参数,将熔覆层宽度、熔覆层高度、稀释率作为输出参数(响应目标),用等值线图和曲面图直观反映输入参数与输出参数的关系;用信噪比(SNR)和方差分析(ANVOA)进一步分析输入参数与输出参数的关系。接着结合灰色理论将三个响应目标转化为单一的灰色关联度(GRG)进行分析,得到最优的激光工艺参数组合为:激光功率1000 W、扫描速度3 mm/s、送粉率1.4 r/min。最后进行验证试验,发现三个响应目标均得到改善。此参数下形成的熔覆层从形貌和微观组织上都要比其他参数下更有优势,验证了田口灰色关联法的可靠性。

As a new type of surface modification technology,laser cladding technology has been widely used in various fields.The morphology of the cladding layer is directly related to the quality and laser process parameters.In this paper,the Taguchi method was used to design an orthogonal experiment with 25 groups of three factors and five levels for obtain apt process parameters.Taking laser power,scanning speed and powder feeding rate as input parameters,with width of cladding layer,height of cladding layer and dilution rate as output parameters(response target),contour graphs and surface graphs were used to intuitively reflect the relationship between input parameters and output parameters;signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and analysis of variance(ANVOA)were used to further analyze the relationship between input and output parameters.Then combined with the gray theory,the three response targets were transformed into a single gray correlation grade(GRG)for analysis,and the optimal combination of laser process parameters was obtained as follows:laser power 1000 W,scanning speed 3 mm/s,powder feeding rate 1.4 r/min.Finally,the three response targets were found to be uniformly improved on verification tests.The cladding layer formed with this parameter has more significant advantages in terms of morphology and microstructure than that formed under other parameters,and the reliability of Taguchi grey correlation method is verified.