从“都城”到“国家中心城市”:动态视角下西安都市圈空间演变与应对

From “Capital City” to “National Central City”: Spatial Evolution and Response of Xi’an Metropolitan Area from Dynamic Perspective

不同发展阶段、不同地域背景的都市圈发展特征差异大,本文以西安都市圈为研究对象。从动态历史视角,将时间空间化,回顾西安作为“都城—府城—区域中心—国家中心城市”不同历史时期定位,分析历史格局上西安都市圈如何演变。提出都市圈范围不是一成不变的,而是与城市定位、城市能级、发展阶段紧密结合。科学合理划定都市圈范围,并结合西安自然地理、行政区划、文化格局的特殊性,提炼现阶段西安都市圈发展特征。针对西安都市圈目前处于成长期的特征,提出分层功能统筹、分区交通统筹、分界面机制统筹三大发展策略与建议。结合都市圈核心区、近郊区、远郊区位特征和功能特点,将其分为服务通勤圈、创新就业圈、魅力景观圈三大类型,并提出分类统筹重点。

The development characteristics of metropolitan areas with different regional backgrounds in different development stages differ greatly. This paper takes Xi’an metropolitan area as the research object. From the perspective of dynamic history,this paper reviews the different historical positioning periods of Xi’an as “capital”, “Fucheng”, “regional center”, and “national central city”, and analyzes how Xi’an metropolitan area evolves in the historical pattern. It is proposed that the influence scope of metropolitan area is not unchangeable, and it is closely combined with urban positioning, urban energy level and development stage.Scientifically and rationally delimit the scope of the metropolitan area, and then combine with the particularity of the physical geography, administrative division and cultural pattern of Xi’an to refine the development characteristics of Xi’an’s metropolitan area at this stage. In view of the characteristics of Xi’an metropolitan area in its growing period, three development strategies and suggestions are proposed, namely, hierarchical function planning, zoning traffic planning, and interface mechanism planning. Combined with the regional characteristics and functional characteristics of the core area, suburban area and outer suburb of the metropolitan area, it is divided into three types of service commuting circle, innovation employment circle and charm landscape circle, and it is proposed to carry out classification and overall coordination.