高密度社区群避难场地规划布局方法研究

Research on the Layout Method of Refuge Sites in High-Density Community Groups

随着我国城市化进程的进一步深入,城市中心地区出现了大量高容积率的高密度社区群。高密度社区群由于土地资源稀缺与人口数量密集,对避难场地的位置及布局均存在着极高的要求。因此,合理的避难场地规划布局策略与方法对于提升高密度社区群的防灾能力、减轻地震灾害风险具有十分重要的意义。本研究以GIS作为基础数据平台,通过分析现状建筑、避难通道、避难场地等基础要素,结合Repast Simphony平台进行多智能体仿真模拟的二次开发研究与建立高密度社区群避难场地规划方法。同时,以中国辽宁省大连市高新园区七贤岭街道高密度社区群为例,构建出“公共性”与“封闭性”的避难场地对现状避难效率的影响实验,进而得出相应的避难场地规划选择方法及布局策略。

With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process, a large number of high-density community groups with high plot ratios have emerged in the central areas of first-and second-tier cities. Due to the scarcity of land resources and dense population, high-density community groups have extremely high requirements for the site and layout of refuge sites. Reasonable planning layout strategies and methods of refuge sites are of great significance for improving the disaster prevention capabilities of high-density community groups and reducing earthquake disaster risks. Based on GIS as the basic data platform, this paper analyzes the basic elements of the existing buildings, refuge passages, and refuge sites, etc., and then combines with Repast Simphony platform to carry out the secondary development research of multi-agent simulation, and establishes a high-density community group refuge site planning method. This paper takes the high-density community group of Dalian Qixianling Street as an example and constructs an experiment on the influence of “public” and “closed” refuge sites on the current evacuation efficiency, and then obtains the corresponding planning and layout strategies for refuge sites.