基于RS和GIS的青藏铁路格拉段土地利用变化特征分析

Analysis of Land Use Type Change Characteristics in the Golmud-Lhasa Secion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Based on RS and GIS

青藏铁路格拉段已建成通车十余年,为了解沿线土地利用类型变化情况,借助2006~2007年、2017~2018年2期的卫星数据,运用遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)工具,重点研究典型区段两侧各5 km土地利用变化情况。结果表明:(1)青藏铁路沿线主要地类仍为草地,城镇村及工矿用地、河流湖泊及沼泽地面积均增加;(2)青藏铁路穿越自然保护区段的重要环境地类基本维持现状或向好发展;(3)青藏铁路对那曲-当雄段经济带动作用明显,城镇村及工矿用地增加2倍多。研究结果可为青藏铁路格拉段电气化工程环境保护工作提供参考。

The Golmud-Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet railway has been completed and opened for more than ten years.In order to understand the changes of land use types along this line,the Landsat satellite data from 2006 to 2007 and 2017 to 2018 is used to researched the changes of land use of the typical sections along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway 5 kilometers on each side based on remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS).The results showed that the main land type along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is still grassland,and the area of urban village,industrial and mining land,rivers,lakes and swamps has increased.The important environmental types along the railway crossing the nature reserves are basically maintaining their current status or developing better.The Qinghai-Tibet railway plays an important role in promoting the economy of the Naqu-Dangxiong section,and the land used in urban villages and industrial and mining has been increased by more than two times.The research results can provide a reference for the environmental protection work of the electrification engineering in Golmud-Lhasa Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.