数字化转型提高了制造业企业全要素生产率吗?--以山东省A股上市公司为例

Has Digital Transformation Improved Total Factor Productivity of Manufacturing Enterprises:A Case Study of Shandong A-share Listed Companies

基于山东省A股制造业上市公司数据,从“基础条件—关键战略—重要支撑—助推器”四个维度构建了企业数字化转型评价体系,全方面分析了数字化转型典型事实,并在克服内生性基础上实证检验了数字化转型对全要素生产率的影响。主要研究结论如下:山东省企业数字化水平不断提高,但存在行业和区域发展不平衡、不协调的问题;数字化转型显著促进了企业全要素生产率提高,提高创新能力、优化人力资本结构和降低成本是其主要影响机制;异质性分析显示,对于国有企业、大型企业、高技术行业、传统行业及竞争性行业,数字化转型对全要素生产率的升级效应更大;就地区而言,省会和胶东地区的数字化转型对全要素生产率的影响更大。

Based on the data of the A-share listed manufacturing companies in Shandong Province,this study constructs an enterprise digital transformation evaluation system from the four dimensions of“basic condition—key strategy—important support—booster”,analyzes the typical facts of digital transformation in all aspects,and empirically tests the impact of digital transformation on total factor productivity on the basis of overcoming endogeneity.The main research conclusions are as follows:a.The level of enterprise digitalization in Shandong Province is constantly improving,but there exist the problems of unbalanced and uncoordinated development between different industries and regions;b.Digital transformation has significantly improved the total factor productivity of enterprises,and its main impact mechanism is to promote innovation ability,optimize human capital structure and reduce costs;c.The heterogeneity analysis shows that for state-owned enterprises,large enterprises,high-tech industries,traditional industries and competitive industries,the upgrading effect of digital transformation on total factor productivity is even greater;and d.In terms of regions,the digital transformation in the provincial capital and eastern Shandong has a greater impact on total factor productivity.