微观史学与非虚构文学文本叙事之比较分析——以《蒙塔尤》与《中国在梁庄》为例

A Comparative Analysis of Microhistory and Non-Fiction Literature Narrative Text:Take Montaillou and China in Liangzhuang as examples

《蒙塔尤》与《中国在梁庄》分别代表了微观史学和非虚构文学两类不同的体裁,但两者彼此之间却呈现出微妙的关联。在叙事内容层面,两部作品都从微观视角塑造了一座村庄中普通个体的生命现场;在叙事结构层面,两部作品都构建了一种共时性的叙事;在叙事意图方面,《蒙塔尤》试图剖析一个村庄中结构化的抽象因子,而《中国在梁庄》则与之相反,更多地呈现广延的经验因子。两部作品共同反映出当代书写将历史纪实与文学虚构相融合的叙事策略,在肯定其在叙事层面上的创新价值的同时,也有必要从其它同类作品进一步探寻叙事中纪实与虚构的关系。

Montaillou and China in Liangzhuang respectively represent two different narrative strategies of microhistory and non-fiction literature,but they are subtly related to each other.In the aspect of narrative content,both works shape the life scene of ordinary individuals in a village from a microscopic perspective;In the aspect of narrative structure,both works construct a synchronic narrative;In the aspect of narrative intention,Montaillou attempts to dissect the structured abstract factors in a village,while China in Liangzhuang,in contrast,presents more expansive empirical factors.The two works jointly reflect the narrative strategy of contemporary writing that integrates historical documentary and literary fiction,and it is necessary to affirm their common innovative value at the narrative level,meanwhile it is necessary to further explore the relationship between documentary and fiction in narration from other likewise works.