从新中国成立到党的二十大:全面发展教育政策的演进及其启示

From the Founding of the People’s Republic of China to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China:The Evolution and Enlightenment of All-Round Development Educational Policy

关于培养社会主义建设者和接班人,党的二十大报告的表述是“德智体美劳全面发展”。这是在党的历次代表大会报告中首次提到五育并举。这是新中国成立以来,党和国家关于人才培养的具体方针政策合乎历史逻辑的最新发展。回顾新中国成立以来全面发展教育政策的演进历程,通过文献梳理和理论分析,将培养全面发展的人在具体内容上划分为探索阶段、改革创新阶段、深化发展阶段,厘清了关于培养全面发展的人的历史脉络,从纵向上呈现了我国教育方针政策中关于培养全面发展的人在具体内容上的变化发展。此外,总结了新中国成立以来关于培养全面发展的人的理论经验,包括注重对人全面发展培养的科学性,准确把握人的全面发展的时代性,确保培养全面发展的人的社会主义方向。

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,based on the five aspects of moral,intellectual,physical,aesthetics and labor,the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government have enriched and developed the guidelines and polices of personnel training.The evolution of human all-round development can be divided into exploration stage,innovation stage,development stage,and the deep development stage.Besides,the article summarizes the experience and theory about human all-round development since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,including characteristics of science and time,and socialism-orientation.