柴油机对重型牵引车加速性能影响的试验研究

Experimental study on the effect of diesel engine on the acceleration performance of heavy tractors

为提高重型牵引车动力性,在底盘测功机上对配置不同柴油机的整车进行加速性能测试,分析车辆加速过程中柴油机转速、功率对整车加速性能的影响。结果表明:整车高挡位超越加速,柴油机作用可分为柴油机负荷动力响应性阶段和外特性工作阶段,可有针对性地对柴油机进行标定优化;起步加速由不同挡位超越加速过程组成,整车在低挡位克服外界阻力时,由于传动速比大,需求转矩小,柴油机升速快,对柴油机动力性需求低;部分油门开度驾驶,柴油机性能过剩,油门特性对整车加速性和驾驶感受有重要影响。

In order to improve the power performance of heavy tractor,the vehicle acceleration test with different diesel engines is carried out on the chassis dynamometer to analyze the changes of diesel engine speed and power during the vehicle acceleration process and clarify the impact of diesel engines on the vehicle acceleration process.The results show that surpass acceleration can be divided into the load dynamic response stage and the external characteristic stage,and the diesel engine can be targeted for calibration and optimization.The starting acceleration is composed of the surpass acceleration process in different gears.When the vehicle overcomes the external resistance in the low gear,due to the large transmission ratio,the required torque is small,the speed of the diesel engine rises fast,the demand for diesel power is low.When driving with part of the throttle open,the diesel engine has excessive performance.At this time,the throttle characteristics have an important impact on the vehicle acceleration performance and driving experience.