光伏电站中光伏组件的清洗效果分析及清洗周期预测

CLEANING EFFECT ANALYSIS AND CLEANING CYCLE PREDICTION OF PV MODULES IN PV POWER STATIONS

为探究清洗光伏组件表面积灰对光伏组件输出功率的影响,并预测光伏组件合理的清洗周期,依托位于内蒙古自治区库布齐沙漠的A光伏电站开展了光伏组件的清洗作业测试。针对测试主体的数量,设定了单块光伏组件清洗测试和整个光伏电站清洗测试2种测试内容,分别对比了不同积灰状态下光伏组件的输出功率,以及清洗前、后整个光伏电站的发电效益,并与周边光伏电站的日均单兆瓦发电量进行对比,最后根据光伏电站实际清洗条件对光伏组件的清洗周期进行了预测。研究结果表明:从单块光伏组件来看,清洁光伏组件的输出功率较积灰光伏组件的有明显提升,且天气因素对积灰状态和光伏组件输出功率的影响较为显著。进行清洗作业的A光伏电站的日均单兆瓦发电量比未进行清洗作业的周边B、C光伏电站的日均单兆瓦发电量分别提高了0.54%、7.85%。结合A光伏电站的实际情况,可预测光伏组件的清洗周期,不同积灰状况下,光伏组件的清洗周期不同。期望本研究结果可为不同光伏电站的光伏组件清洗提供借鉴与指导。

In order to explore the impact of cleaning the surface dust of PV modules on their output power and predict the reasonable cleaning cycle of PV modules,PV power station A located in the Kubuqi Desert of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region carried out the cleaning operation test of PV modules.According to the number of test subjects,two kinds of test contents are set,namely the cleaning test of a single PV module and the cleaning test of the entire PV power station.The output power of PV modules under different dust deposition conditions,as well as the power generation benefits of the whole PV power station before and after cleaning are compared,and compared with the average daily per megawatt power generation capacity of surrounding PV power stations.Finally,the cleaning cycle of PV modules is predicted according to the actual cleaning conditions of PV power stations.The research results show that,from the perspective of a single PV module,the output power of the clean PV module is significantly higher than that of the dusty PV module,and the weather factors have a significant impact on the dust deposition status and the output power of the PV module.The daily average per megawatt power generation capacity of PV power station A with cleaning operation is 0.54%and 7.85%higher than that of PV power station B and C without cleaning operation.Combined with the actual situation of PV power station A,the cleaning cycle of PV modules can be predicted.The cleaning cycle of PV modules is different under different dust deposition conditions.It is expected that the results of this study can provide reference and guidance for the cleaning of PV modules in different PV power stations.