火驱采出气处理技术研究现状与发展趋势

Current Situation and Development Trend of Treatment Technologies for Fireflood Produced Gas

随着国家和油气行业对大气污染物和温室气体排放的控制日益严格,缺乏成熟、经济的火驱采出气处理技术已成为制约火驱开发方式进一步大规模推广的瓶颈。通过对回注埋存、回收利用和达标排放等不同火驱采出气处理技术研究现状进行分析,认为应因地制宜、因时制宜,综合考虑技术发展水平和环境保护要求,确定合理的火驱采出气处理工艺技术路线。在此基础上对火驱采出气处理技术发展方向进行了展望,指出:为实现降低工程投资、缩短施工周期及方便运行维护等目的,亟需针对火驱采出气不同的组分类型和产量规模,开展基于小型化、模块化和橇装化的不同处理技术路线的研究;应充分借鉴其他类型油气田开发的成熟经验,如逐步推广应用湿法脱硫技术;回注埋存工艺将兼具“增油”与“减排”双重功能,亟需借鉴国外酸气回注项目经验,开展火驱采出气回注埋存工艺技术研究,重点在脱水的基础上实现“全组分回注”。

Due to the increasingly strict control of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions by China and the oil and gas industry,the lack of mature and economic fireflood produced gas treatment technology has become a bottleneck restricting the further large-scale promotion of fireflood development methods.By analyzing the research reality of the various fireflood produced gas treatment technologies including reinjection,sequestration,recycling,and usage as well as up-to-standard emission,this article believes that it is key to adopt proper solutions based on specific conditions,namely the technology development level,and the environmental protection requirement,to determine reasonable approaches of the fireflood produced gas treatment skills.On such basis,this article forecasts the development direction of these skills.It is pointed out herein that to realize the goals of reducing project investment,and shortening the construction period for sake of operation and maintenance,it is urgent too,targeting at various types and output scales concerning fireflood produced gas,carry out studies on different treatment skills featuring small size,module,and skid-mount unit;it is also important to fully learn from the mature experience of developing other types of oil and gas fields,involving gradually promoting the application of wet desulfurization technology;the skill of reinjection and sequestration will have both“oil production increase”and“emission reduction”.And it is also significant to draw on the experience of acid gas reinjection abroad and conduct the study on the skill of reinjection and sequestration regarding fireflood produced gas,focusing on“all-component reinjection”based on dehydration.