细胞因子治疗骨关节炎的研究进展

Research progress of cytokines in treatment of osteoarthritis

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种临床常见的关节病变,多累及下肢负重关节,易导致关节畸形,严重影响生活质量。目前,OA的早期治疗主要集中在对症治疗及减缓关节软骨的磨损。各类细胞因子在OA的发生和发展过程中发挥重要作用。白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)家族中,IL-1β/6/8与OA的发生及进展有关,是主要的致炎因子;IL-4/10作为抗炎成分,对关节起保护作用。肿瘤坏死因子-α也是促进关节炎症发生的主要成分。体内外研究表明,转化生长因子-β、胰岛素样生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子在延缓OA的进展过程中发挥积极作用。研究相关细胞因子的作用,不仅可以深入了解OA的发病机制,也可为OA的治疗提供新思路,有望解决当下OA传统治疗效果不理想的问题。目前,在细胞因子应用于OA的防治领域,已经获得了很多有益的研究成果,部分已经进入临床试验和应用。该文综述了几类对于OA防治具有潜在效果的细胞因子的研究进展和部分作用机制。

Osteoarthritis(OA) is a common joint disease in clinic. OA mostly involves the load-bearing joints of the lower limbs,which is easy to cause joint deformity and affect the quality of life after the disease. At present, early treatment of OA focuses on symptomatic treatment and slowing down the wear of articular cartilage. Various cytokines play an important role in the development of OA. Among the interleukin(IL) family, IL-1β/6/8 are associated with the occurrence and progression of OA and are major inflammatory factors. IL-4/10 play a protective role in the joints as an anti-inflammatory component. Tumor necrosis factor-αis also a major component that promotes joint inflammation. In vitro and in vivo studies show that transforming growth factor-β,insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor(FGF) can delay the progression of OA. By investigating the roles of the relevant cytokines, we can not only gain insight into the pathogenesis of OA, but also provide new ideas for the treatment of OA.Cytokines are expected to solve the dilemma of suboptimal efficacy of current traditional treatments for OA. At present, many beneficial research results are achieved in the field of cytokine application to the prevention and treatment of OA, and a part of them begins to enter clinical trials and applications. This review summarizes the research progress and partial mechanisms of several classes of cytokines with potential effects on OA.