基于物元分析的瑞丽市土地生态安全评价及障碍因素诊断

Evaluation of land ecological security and diagnosis of obstacle factors in Ruili city based on matter-element analysis

【目的】为推进云南沿边开放区生态小镇建设,强化国家边境生态安全,从生态角度出发对瑞丽市土地生态安全状况进行评价,分析其主要障碍因素。【方法】以DPSIR模型为基础,综合选取18项指标构建瑞丽市土地生态安全评价指标体系,通过熵权法确定评价指标权重,结合物元分析对土地生态安全进行量化评价,借助障碍度模型分析影响瑞丽市土地生态安全的障碍因子,并根据病理诊断提出改善建议。【结果】2010—2017年瑞丽市土地生态安全状况包括了“向较安全转化”和“向理想安全转化”2个等级,整体等级呈上升趋势,但综合关联度一直为负值,说明生态安全状况未稳定,需建立稳定的生态本底条件,从而有力防护外界干扰;土地生态安全系统除了状态系统和影响系统没有变化外,其他子系统生态安全均出现不同等级的变化,应根据系统协调发展理论制定土地生态发展策略,全面提高瑞丽市土地生态安全等级;影响瑞丽市土地生态安全的障碍因子主要包括地均GDP、耕地面积占比、第三产业比重、人均建设用地面积、单位耕地粮食产量等,应针对主要障碍因子制定统筹发展战略,在稳定产业、经济发展的同时,严格控制建设用地盲目扩张,提高耕地质量,为巩固国家边境生态安全和建设生态小镇打牢基础。【结论】研究期间瑞丽市土地生态安全等级呈上升趋势,但土地生态安全状况未达到稳定水平,需结合障碍因子提出改善措施,促进土地生态安全的稳定发展,以维护沿边地区的生态安全。

【Objective】In order to promote the construction of ecological towns in the open area along the borders of Yunnan province and strengthen the national border ecological security, the present paper evaluates the land ecological security status of Ruili city from the ecological point of view, and analyzes its main obstacles. 【Method】Based on the DPSIR model, 18 indexes were selected to construct the land ecological security evaluation index system of Ruili city. The evaluation index weights were determined by entropy weight method, and the matter-element analysis was used to quantify the land ecological security evaluation. With the aid of obstacle degree model, the obstacle factors of land ecological security in Ruili city were analyzed, and the suggestions were proposed according to pathological diagnosis. 【Result】From 2010 to 2017, the land ecological security in Ruili city included two levels, which were ‘relatively safe transformation’ and ‘ideal safe transformation’. The overall level showed an upward trend, but the comprehensive correlation was always negative, indicating that the ecological security was not stable, and stable ecological background conditions should be established to effectively protect against external disturbances. Except for the state system and the influence system, the ecological security of other subsystems changed at different levels. Therefore, the land ecological development strategy should be formulated according to the theory of systematic coordinated development, and the land ecological security level of Ruili city should be improved in an all-round way. The obstacle factors affecting the land ecological security in Ruili city mainly include GDP per capita, proportion of cultivated land area, proportion of tertiary industry, construction land area per capita, grain output per unit of cultivated land, etc. Overall development strategy should be formulated according to the main obstacles, and blind expansion of construction land should be strictly controlled to improve the quality of cultivated land while stabilizing industrial and economic development, and consolidate ecological security at national border and lay a solid foundation for constructing ecological town.【Conclusion】During the study period, the level of land ecological security in Ruili city showed an upward trend, but the status of land ecological security did not reach a stable level. Therefore, improvement measures should be put forward based on obstacle factors to promote the stable development of land ecological security, to maintain the ecological security of the border areas.