海上风电制氢与电能直接外送差异综述

Summary of Differences Between Hydrogen Production From OffshoreWind Power and Direct Outward Transmission of Electric Energy

为实现“双碳”目标,国家正大力发展风电等清洁能源,大规模海上风能开发是未来风电发展的重要方向。然而,电能输送与大容量海上风电并网成为制约海上风电快速发展的主要瓶颈问题。提出了一种利用氢能代替风电进行远海能量输送的策略,通过电解制氢技术将电能就地转化为氢能,建设输氢管道将氢气输送至陆地。介绍了传统输电方式与输氢方式的技术路线及应用现状;对比了输电方式与输氢方式在经济性与技术性方面的差异,相对于海上输电,管道输氢极大地降低了施工难度和建设成本;分析了海上风电进行电解制氢的3种应用前景,助力“双碳”目标早日实现。

In order to achieve the goals of the proposal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality,the government is vigorously developing clean energy such as wind power.The large-capacity offshore wind power development is an important direction for the future development of wind power.However,the electrical energy transmission and grid connection of large-capacity offshore wind power has become the main bottleneck restricting the rapid development of offshore wind power.A strategy was proposed to use hydrogen energy instead of wind power for offshore energy transmission,where the electrical energy was converted into hydrogen energy on-site through electrolytic hydrogen production technology and the hydrogen transmission pipelines were constructed to transport hydrogen to land.The technical routes and application status of the traditional transmission method and hydrogen transmission method were introduced,respectively.Comparing the economic and technical differences between the power transmission method and the hydrogen transmission method,the pipeline hydrogen delivery greatly reduces the construction difficulty and construction cost compared with the offshore power transmission.Three application prospects of offshore wind power electrolysis for hydrogen production were analyzed to help achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals as soon as possible.