摘要
基于多能干细胞的异种嵌合是现代生物学研究的前沿,也是有望解决器官短缺这一世界性难题的主要途径之一。将具有不同多能性和发育潜能的干细胞显微注射到植入前囊胚,这些干细胞能“嵌合”到胚胎或胚胎外组织中,并产生部分或完全由其发育而来的组织、器官。异种嵌合体使产生可供移植的功能性人类器官在理论上成为可能。本文系统回顾了近年来以啮齿类和灵长类为主要研究对象的哺乳动物异种嵌合体研究进展,探讨了异种嵌合体研究面临的技术壁垒和伦理挑战,展望了异种嵌合研究的发展方向,希望为解决移植器官严重短缺问题提供新思路和新手段。
Interspecies chimerism based on pluripotent stem cells is the frontier of modern biology research and one of the main techniques to solve the worldwide dilemma of organ shortage.Stem cells with different states of pluripotency and developmental potential are microinjected into preimplantation blastocysts,which can contribute to embryos or extra-embryonic tissues,and then produce tissues and organs partly or completely developed from stem cells.It makes in vitro generation of functional human organs for transplantation theoretically possible.This article systematically reviews current progress in interspecies chimeras in mammals(mainly rodents and primates),explores technological barriers and ethical challenges,and envisions the future directions in interspecies chimeras research,and hopes to provide new ideas and means to solve the serious shortage organs for transplantation.
作者
孙念琴
姚辉
邵红莲
谭韬
Sun Nianqin;Yao Hui;Shao Honglian;Tan Tao(State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)
出处
《生物医学转化》
2022年第4期15-21,29,共8页
Biomedical transformation
基金
国家自然科学基金重大项目(82192871)。
关键词
异种嵌合体
多能干细胞
器官移植
伦理挑战
Interspecies chimeras
Pluripotent stem cells
Organ transplantation
Ethical concerns
