传统儒教伦理对日本近代国民道德的重塑及其影响

The Reconstruction and Influence of Traditional Confucian Ethics on Japanese Modern National Morality

在欧化主义大行其道的明治10年代末期,以修改不平等条约为契机,日本国内的民族主义情绪再次高涨起来,对民族的、本土文化的强调成为抵制欧化风潮的理论依据。为数百年的幕藩封建意识形态提供保障的儒家伦理思想,在这一时期作为重建社会秩序的有力武器而重新回归了正统思想的地位。它一方面抑制了极端欧化主义的泛滥,另一方面也催生出了国粹主义思潮,为日本天皇制国家主义的最终形成准备了必需的思想条件。

In the end of Meiji decade when the westernization was popular,with the opportunity of amendingunequal treaties,Japan’s nationalist sentiment rose again,and the emphasis on national and local culture became an inevitable way to resist the trend of westernization.The Confucian ethical ideology,which has provided a guarantee for hundreds of years of feudal ideology,returned to the position of orthodox ideology as a powerful weapon to rebuild the social order in this period.On the one hand,it inhibited the proliferation of extreme Europeanism,and on the other hand,it also spawned the ultranationalism,and prepared the necessary ideological conditions for the final formation of Japanese imperial nationalism.