植物微生物组研究现状及在黄芩上的应用展望

Research Progress of Plant Microbiome and Prospect of its Application in Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi

植物的生命周期离不开各种微生物,微生物可以在植物的内部、根际和叶际等不同部位定殖进而影响其生长发育,这些微生物群体及其基因组统称为植物微生物组。越来越多的研究证实,植物微生物组可以调控植物生长发育,提高植物抗病、抗逆等能力。除了在农作物中研究广泛,在药用植物的品质形成、抵御病虫害等研究中也取得一定突破。黄芩作为我国大宗中药材,随着需求量的增加,野生资源匮乏、流通药材品质参差不齐等问题日益凸显。文章从植物微生物组形成的影响因素、对植物生长发育的调控及主要研究手段进行综述,以期为深入了解、合理操纵植物微生物组,进而提高黄芩等药用植物的品质提供思路和参考。

The life cycle of plants is inseparable from a variety of microorganisms,which can colonize in different parts of plants,such as the interior,rhizosphere,phyllosphere and affect their growth and development.These microbial communities and their genomes are collectively referred to as the plant microbiome.More and more studies have confirmed that plant microbiome could regulate plant growth and development and improve plant resistance to disease and insect pests.In addition to extensive research on crops,some breakthroughs have also been made in the research on quality formation of medicinal plants and resistance to pests and diseases.Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi as a large quantity of Chinese herbal medicine,with the increase of the demand,the shortage of wild resources and the uneven quality of the circulating medicinal materials have become increasingly prominent.In this paper,the influencing factors of plant microbiome formation,the regulation of plant growth and development and the main research methods were reviewed,in order to provide ideas and reference for further understanding and rational manipulation of plant microbiome and improving the quality of medicinal plants such as Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.