类型学视角下历史文化街区保护与更新策略研究

Research on the protection and renewal strategies of historical and cultural blocks from the perspective of typology

改革开放以来,我国城市建设主要以经济发展与资本扩张为主导方向,在此过程中,忽视了对历史文化街区的遗产保护。历史文化街区不仅具有较高的历史文化价值,且蕴含着丰富的集体记忆,记录着城市的发展和变迁,对历史文化街区保护与更新是城市更新中的重要篇章。大小礼拜寺街历史文化街区为聊城市为数不多保存较为完整的省级历史文化街区之一,随着城区的发展,也逐渐由当年的繁华核心区过渡为如今的沉寂边缘区。以聊城市大小礼拜寺街历史文化街区中的大礼拜寺与药王庙片区为例,从类型学角度,在“街区-院落-建筑单体”层面上对该片区进行调研、归纳和分析,总结出不同层面上的“类型”及转换重组的方式,并提出适应该片区保护和更新的相关策略方法。

Since the reform and opening up,the urban construction in China has mainly taken economic development and capital expansion as the leading direction.In this process,the heritage protection of historical and cultural blocks has been ignored.Historical and cultural blocks not only have high historical and cultural value,but also contain rich collective memory,recording the development and changes of the city.The protection and renewal of historical and cultural blocks is an important chapter in urban renewal.As one of the few well preserved provincial historical and cultural blocks in Liaocheng City,the Big Mosque and Small Mosque Street historical and cultural block has gradually changed from the prosperous core area to the silent edge area with the development of the city.Taking the area of the Big Mosque and the Yaowang Temple in the Big Mosque and Small Mosque Street historical and cultural block in Liaocheng City as an example,this study investigates and analyzes the protection and renewal of the area from the perspective of typology and at the level of“Block-Courtyard-Building”,summarizes the“types”and ways of transformation and reorganization at different levels,and finally puts forward some relevant strategies and methods for the protection and renewal of the area.