温州南部海域重要经济物种体内重金属含量评价

Study of Heavy Metal Contents in Economic Marine Organisms in the Coastal Waters of Southern Wenzhou

利用2019年3月在温州南部近岸海域采集的7种海洋经济物种,对其肌肉组织中3种重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Cd)的含量进行检测,并采用单因子污染指数(SFI)、金属污染指数(MPI)和浓缩系数(BCF)对生物体重金属生态风险及污染水平进行评价。结果表明,甲壳类体内重金属含量显著高于鱼类,所有物种体内重金属含量均呈现Cu>Pb>Cd;单因子污染指数法表明,甲壳类中Pb和鱼类中Cd含量已处于轻度污染水平,而Cu含量处于正常背景水平;金属污染指数显示,调查海域甲壳类重金属污染程度高于鱼类;调查海域中甲壳类和鱼类中Pb和Cd的浓缩系数均小于103,未显现出生物积累危害,Cu浓缩系数均大于103,但它属于生命必需元素,对海洋生物体和人类消费者是安全的。

According to 7 marine commercial fishes collected from near shore area of southern Wenzhou in March 2019,the contents of three heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Cd)in the muscle tissue were analyzed,for evaluating the pollution levels of heavy metals with single factor pollution index(SFI),heavy metal pollution index(MPI)and bioconcentration factor(BCF).The results showed that the heavy metal contents in crustaceans were significantly higher than that in fish,and the order of heavy metal contents in all species was Cu>Pb>Cd.The SFI showed the Pb content in crustaceans and Cd content in fish had been at the light pollution level,while the Cu content was at the normal background level.The MPI showed that the heavy metal pollution in crustaceans was higher than in fish.The BCF of Pb and Cd in crustaceans and fish in the investigated sea area were less than 103,showing no biological accumulation hazards.The BCF of Cu were greater than 103,but it was an essential element for life and safe,which was safe for marine organisms and human consumer.