基于MCR模型的生态安全格局构建——以阿克苏市为例

Construction of Ecological Security Pattern Based on MCR Model—Taking Aksu City as an Example

以阿克苏市为研究对象,通过最小累积阻力(MCR)模型以及空间信息统计分析,结合自然因素和社会因素,提取高程、土壤侵蚀、植被覆盖度等8个约束因子,识别重要的生态源地且构建生态阻力面,提取生态廊道和生态节点,构建生态安全格局。结果表明,阿克苏市生态源地面积1440.06 km^(2),占阿克苏市总面积的10.60%,主要分布在依干其乡、托普鲁克乡和库木巴什乡。阿克苏市生态安全水平低,高度安全区域面积479.34 km^(2),占市域面积的3.53%;中度安全区域面积1822.20 km^(2),占市域面积的13.41%;较低度安全区域面积2351.97 km^(2),占市域面积的17.31%,低度安全区域面积8931.61 km^(2),占市域面积的65.75%,较低度和低度安全区域分布在阿克苏市最西侧和南部。提取出阿克苏市生态源地63个、生态节点18个、生态廊道43条,总长度785.73 km,形成对研究区自然资源空间分布的生态安全格局基本骨架。

Taking Aksu City as the research object,through minimal cumulative resistance(MCR)and spatial information statistical analysis,combined with natural and social factors,8 constraint factors such as elevation,soil erosion and vegetation coverage were extracted,important ecological sources were identified and ecological resistance surfaces were constructed,ecological corridors and ecological nodes were extracted,and an ecological security pattern was constructed.The results showed that the ecological source area of Aksu City was 1440.06 km^(2),accounting for 10.60%of the total area of Aksu City,mainly distributed in Yiganqi Township,Topruke Township and Kumbash Township.The ecological security level of Aksu City was low,the area of high security area was 479.34 km^(2),accounting for 3.53%of the city area;the area of moderate security area was 1822.20 km^(2),accounting for 13.41%of the city area;the area of lower security area was 2351.97 km^(2),accounting for 17.31%of the city area,and the area of low security area was 8931.61 km^(2),accounting for 65.75%of the city area.The lower and low safety areas were distributed in the westernmost and southern part of Aksu City.Extracted 63 ecological sources,18 ecological nodes,43 ecological corridors,with a total length of 785.73 km in Aksu City,forming the basic framework of the ecological security pattern for the spatial distribution of natural resources in the study area.