从北白鹅墓地看周人东迁后的社会变局

Observing the social change after the Zhou royal court moved eastward through the discoveries of the Beibai’e cemetery

北白鹅墓地是年代基本明确在春秋早期的重要考古发现,这一发现使我们能够观察与思考王朝东迁后的周人社会变化。北白鹅墓地为代表的春秋早期贵族墓葬,随葬青铜礼器普遍劣质或拼凑,反映了周王朝从社会到经济陷入困顿的局面。东迁后的周王朝,面临着族群的安置和新址的建设、资源和生产的重新组织等诸多方面的问题。社会和经济的困顿,加速了王室的失势,也加速了文化的衰退,并促成了春秋中期新的社会格局。

The Beibai’e cemetery is one of most important archaeological discoveries dating to the early Spring and Autumn period,which could help us to observe and think the social change when the Zhou dynasty moved its capital to the East.The quality of bronze burial objects are poor or their combinations are improvised in general of the Beibai’e cemetery,which reveals the Zhou dynasty stuck into a situation with social and economic troubles that the royal family had to resettle the feudal states,reallocate the national resources and production and solve many other social problems.Such chaos speed up the declining of imperial power,culture,etc.But it also triggered a new social structure during the mid Spring and Autumn period.