肠道菌群与肝癌

Gut microbiota and liver cancer

肝癌是世界上最恶性的疾病之一,发病率居世界第六位,病死率居世界第四位。尽管近年来在肝癌的诊断和治疗方面取得了进展,但患者生存率和术后复发率仍然不尽人意。肠道菌群栖息于人类的消化道,介导人体内多种代谢反应,协助机体完成正常生命活动。目前大量的研究证实,慢性肝病患者(如酒精性肝炎、非酒精性脂肪性肝病和病毒性肝炎等)体内均存在一定程度的肠道菌群紊乱且与疾病的发生发展相关,可能是慢性肝病向肝癌进展的主要因素,因此靶向肠道菌群的诊疗手段可能为肝癌患者的治疗提供新的思路。在此基础上,本文总结大量相关文献,从肠道菌群促进肝癌的机制及其对肝癌的预防、诊断以及治疗等方面进行综述。

Liver cancer is one of the most malignant diseases in the world,with the sixth highest incidence and the fourth leading mortality.In spite of recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer,the survival rate and postoperative recurrence rate of liver cancer are still far from satisfactory.Intestinal microbiota colonize in the human digestive tract,mediating various metabolic reactions in the body and assisting the body to complete normal life activities.However,at present a lot of research results confirmed that all of the patients with chronic liver disease(such as alcoholic hepatitis,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,viral hepatitis,etc.)have a certain degree of intestinal flora disorder,which is associated with the development of disease and may be an important factor of chronic liver disease progressing to liver cancer.Therefore,targeting intestinal flora may bring new thought to the management of patients with liver cancer.On this basis,large number of relevant literatures were reviewed and the microbiota associated cancer promoting mechanisms,relevant diagnoses and treatment methods were discussed in this paper.