老年人休闲活动与生活自理能力的相关性:1项80岁人群的前瞻性队列研究

Correlation between leisure activities and activities of daily living in the elderly:a prospective cohort study of 80-year-old individuals

目的 探讨老年人休闲活动与生活自理能力生存率的相关性。方法 基于中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查(CLHLS)数据,建立1项80岁人群的前瞻性队列,将基线休闲活动类型分为偏体力、偏益智和均衡3种类型,分析各类型与洗澡、穿衣、上厕所、室内活动、控制大小便和吃饭6项生活自理能力生存率的相关性。结果 80岁人群的休闲活动与洗澡、上厕所、室内活动、穿衣和吃饭能力相关(均P <0.05),而与控制大小便能力不相关(P> 0.05)。偏体力型休闲活动的老年人洗澡、上厕所、室内活动能力生存率高;均衡型休闲活动的老年人穿衣和吃饭能力生存率高。结论 80岁老年人基线的休闲活动影响其生活自理能力,偏体力休闲活动有益于维持洗澡、上厕所和室内活动能力;均衡参加各类休闲活动则有益于维持穿衣和吃饭能力。

Objective To explore the correlation between leisure activities and the survival rate of activities of daily living in the elderly.Methods Based on data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(CLHLS),a prospective cohort of 80-year-old individuals was established. The baseline leisure activities were divided into three types:physical,intellectual,and balanced. The correlation between each type and the survival rate of six activities of daily living,including bathing,dressing,toileting,transferring,continence,and feeding,was evaluated. Results Leisure activities of the participants correlated with bathing,toileting,transferring,dressing,and feeding ability(all P < 0.05),but not with continence(P > 0.05). The survival rates of bathing,toileting,and transferring in the elderly with physical leisure activities were high. The balanced leisure activities of the elderly had a high survival rate of dressing and feeding ability.Conclusion The baseline leisure activities of 80-year-old individuals had an impact on their activities of daily living. Participating in more physical activities is beneficial to the survival rate of bathing,toileting,and transferring,whereas participating in a balanced leisure activity is beneficial to dressing and feeding.