论幼小衔接研究视域的转变——基于发展适宜性实践的文化适宜性分析

On the Change of the Research Horizon of the Connection between Kindergarten and Primary School:An Analysis of Cultural Suitability Based on the Practice of Development Suitability

如何更好的培养下一代,特别是当不同社会群体同时面临学业压力下移的困境时,随着相关政策落地,幼小衔接再次迈入推进新阶段。已有研究多是采用量化分析通过样本数据的处理提出幼小衔接的问题现状、影响因素、策略措施等,但幼小衔接实际是幼儿在所处社会文化背景下与其他主体共同参与的过程。针对以往多主体参与过程中对教育理念的理解错位,根源在于我国社会文化背景下教育认知与教育理念间的失衡,发展适宜性实践中提出儿童发展受到社会文化的制约,从发展适宜性实践中的文化适宜性入手转变幼小衔接的研究视域,转为重视基于社会文化的质性研究。因此,我国在幼小衔接过程中应以儿童中心的多方参与为主、内容中心为辅,提高师幼互动质量,重视幼儿园与小学的纵向衔接等为科学幼小衔接做出贡献。

How to better cultivate the next generation, especially when different social groups are faced with the dilemma of downward academic pressure at the same time, with the implementation of relevant policies, the connection between kindergarten and primary school has entered a new stage of promotion. Most of the existing studies use quantitative analysis to put forward the problem status, influencing factors, strategies and measures of the connection between kindergarten and primary school through sample data processing, but the connection between kindergarten and primary school is actually a process in which children participate with other subjects in the social and cultural context. In view of the misunderstanding of education concept in the process of multi subject participation in the past, the root lies in the imbalance between education cognition and education concept under the social and cultural background of our country. In the practice of development suitability, it is proposed that children’s development is restricted by social culture. Starting from the cultural suitability in the practice of development suitability, the research perspective of the connection between kindergarten and primary school should be changed to focus on qualitative research based on social culture. Therefore, our country should focus on the multi participation of children center, supplemented by content center, improve the quality of interaction between teachers and children, attach importance to the vertical connection between kindergarten and primary school, and make contributions to the scientific connection between kindergarten and primary school.