枯草芽孢杆菌复合微生态制剂对鸡坏死性肠炎回肠黏膜损伤的预防作用

Preventive effect of Bacillus subtilis microecological preparation on ileal mucosal injury in chickens with necrotic enteritis

鸡坏死性肠炎(necrotic enteritis, NE)主要是由产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens,CP)引起的雏鸡肠道的一种疾病。本试验旨在探讨微生态制剂对G型坏死性肠炎所致的回肠黏膜损伤的预防作用。将60只1日龄健康817雏鸡随机分成4组,分别为空白对照组(Control组),微生态制剂预防1组(MEA 1组),微生态制剂预防2组(MEA 2组),坏死性肠炎感染阳性对照组(NE组),14日龄时灌胃CP,连续攻菌后3 d剖检进行回肠的病理学检查。结果显示,MEA 1组、MEA 2组肉仔鸡回肠组织形态与Control组相比有所改善,绒毛长度/隐窝深度比、黏蛋白含量、抗氧化水平、sIgA水平均显著高于NE组(P<0.05)。同时应用qPCR检测了肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白claudin-1、ZO-1和ZO-2的mRNA表达量,发现MEA1组、MEA2组以及对照组比较差别不大,但均显著高于NE组(P<0.05),而添加微生态制剂组的ZO-2的表达量显著高于对照组和NE组(P<0.05)。结果证实,微生态制剂的添加可以在一定程度上缓解坏死性肠炎所致的回肠黏膜形态结构改变,减轻产气荚膜梭菌对回肠黏膜的刺激,提高机体抗氧化水平,缓解机体炎症反应。

Necrotic enteritis(NE) is a disease in the intestine of chickens caused by Clostridium perfringens(CP).The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of microecological agents on ileum mucosa injury caused by necrotic enteritis G.Sixty healthy 1-day-old 817-broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups, which were blank control group, the prevention of microecological preparation group 1(MEA 1),the prevention of microecological preparation group 2(MEA 2),the necrotic enteritis infection positive control group(NE group).CP was administered by gavage at the age of 14 days, and the ileum was dissected after 3 days.The results showed that the morphology of ileum in the broilers in MEA 1 and MEA 2 groups was slighter compared with the control group.The villi length/depth ratio, mucin content, antioxidant level and sIgA level were significantly higher than those in NE group(P<0.05).Meanwhile, the difference of the mRNA expression of claudin-1,ZO-1 and ZO-2 in intestinal mucosa detected by qPCR between MEA 2 group and control group were not significant, but they were significantly higher than that of NE group.While the expression of ZO-2in the group with microecological preparation was significantly higher than that of control group and NE group.The results confirmed that the addition of microecological agents could alleviate the changes of the morphology and structure of ileum mucosa caused by necrotic enteritis to some extent,reduced the stimulation of Clostridium perfringens on ileum mucosa,improved the level of antioxidation and alleviated the inflammatory response of the body.