FLASH放疗技术的发展及其在肿瘤治疗中的应用

Development of FLASH Radiotherapy and Its Application in Cancer Therapy

随着放疗技术的进步,放射线能更精确传递到肿瘤,从而减少正常组织遭受辐射的影响,增加肿瘤患者的局部控制率,改善预后。与常规放疗技术相比,采用超高剂量率对肿瘤靶区进行照射的FLASH放射治疗,可以缩短分次照射时间和总治疗时间,避免照射过程中因组织、器官移动造成的照射精确度下降。FLASH放射治疗因其在控制局部肿瘤的同时,可以减少对正常组织的损伤而得到了广泛的研究。然而,FLASH放射治疗对正常组织保护的作用机制尚未完全阐明。全文总结了FLASH放射治疗对正常组织的保护及其可能的机制、对肿瘤组织的疗效,以及临床应用的可能性。

With the progress of radiotherapy technology,radiation can be transmitted to tumor tissues more accurately and normal tissues would receive less dose of radiation,thus the local control rate will be increased and prognosis of patients will be improved. FLASH radiotherapy using ultrahigh dose rate radiation can shorten the fractional irradiation time and total treatment time;comparing with conventional radiotherapy,it can avoid the decline of irradiation accuracy caused by tissues and organs movement during irradiation. However, the protective mechanisms of FLASH radiotherapy on normal tissues has not been fully clarified. This review summarizes the protective effect of FLASH radiotherapy on normal tissues and related mechanisms,also discusses the its potential clinical application.