一种铁路漏斗车底门开闭机构受力及强度分析

Force and Strength Analysis to Opening-closing Mechanism of Bottom Door of Railway Hopper Wagon

建立一种煤炭漏斗车顶锁式底门开闭机构的运动学与力学模型,给出机构运动轨迹、受力及构架强度计算方法。首先根据构件运动的几何关系,建立整个机构运动学方程,求解部件运动轨迹。然后运用力(矩)平衡原理建立整个机构的力学方程组,构建机构整体矩阵,依次求解下部、上部传动机构各个构件的支反力(矩)。最后建立单个构件的有限元模型并计算分析应力是否满足结构强度要求。计算实例表明:给出的方法能有效地对该底门开闭机构进行运动学、力学分析;曲拐连杆和下部顶杆是该机构强度的薄弱点。

This paper described the establishment of a kinematic and mechanical model of the opening and closing mechanism of the toplocking bottom door of the railway hopper wagon,then figured out the calculation methods of the motion trajectory of the mechanism,the force and strength of component.Firstly,according to the geometric relationship of the motion of the component,the kinematics equation of the whole mechanism is established,and the trajectory of the part is solved.Then the mechanical equations of the whole mechanism are established by using the force(moment)balance principle,the whole matrix of the mechanism is constructed,and the supporting force(moment)of each component of the lower and upper transmission mechanism is solved in turn.Finally,the finite element model of each component is established and whether the stress meets the structural strength requirements is analyzed.The example shows that:the proposed method can effectively analyze the kinematics and mechanics of the opening and closing mechanism of the bottom door;the upper crank connecting rod and the ejector rod are the weak points of the mechanism.