夏热冬冷地区秋冬季节室外热舒适研究

Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Autumn and Winter in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Area

为了研究夏热冬冷地区秋冬季的室外热舒适情况,选取合肥地区进行研究,在合肥市某高校采取现场环境实测与问卷调查相结合的方式,研究了秋冬两季室外人群热感觉与热舒适的变化情况。通过调查得到了温度、风速、湿度与太阳辐射对人体热舒适影响程度的排序,以及各参数对人体热舒适影响的比重,分析了主观热舒适影响比重与期望,讨论了热感觉与热舒适的变化关系,探究了人体不同身体部位对热舒适性的影响,并引入PET和SET*预测热感觉的数学模型,通过回归分析建立了适用于合肥地区秋冬两季室外环境的热感觉预测模型。研究表明:合肥地区秋冬两季受访者对室外环境热舒适性整体可接受度较高,而秋季高于冬季,其中面部对受访者主观热舒适影响最大。影响室外热舒适的热环境参数主要为温度,环境相对湿度对其影响较小。在秋季,受访者热舒适与热感觉变化呈二次函数关系,在冬季则呈现正相关关系;并且秋季的变化远强于冬季。

In order to study the outdoor thermal comfort in autumn and winter in hot summer and cold winter zones,a university in Hefei was selected and the field test and questionnaire were adopted to obtain the influence ranking and proportion of temperature,wind speed,humidity and solar radiation and the subjective thermal comfort influence proportion and expectations.The relationship between thermal sensation and thermal comfort,and the influence of different body parts on thermal comfort were discussed.The mathematical models of PET and SET*were introduced to predict thermal sensation,and a thermal sensation prediction model for outdoor in autumn and winter in Hefei was established through regression analysis.The study showed that the overall acceptability of outdoor thermal comfort in autumn and winter was high,and was higher in autumn than in winter.The face had the greatest impact on the subjective thermal comfort.The main thermal environment parameter that affects outdoor thermal comfort is temperature,and the relative humidity has the least effects.Respondents'thermal comfort was quadratically related to thermal sensation in the fall,and positively correlated in winter;the change is much more dramatic in autumn than in winter.