国内外青贮饲料原料来源、品质评价及影响因素的研究进展

Research Progress on Sources,Quality Evaluation and Influencing Factors of Silages Feed at Home and Abroad

青贮饲料是反刍动物生产中重要的粗饲料来源,与反刍动物生长性能及牧场经济效益关系密切。当前,受全球疫情影响,传统饲料原料价格持续走高,饲料成本加大,提高现有常规青贮饲料品质,开发廉价青贮饲料原料来源日益受到关注。与此同时,随着近年来青贮饲料原料种类增多,以往的青贮评价体系难以准确评价现有原料多样化的青贮饲料,青贮饲料原料理化特性不同,其青贮品质受不同发酵条件影响程度不同。本文通过收集整理近年来公开发表的国内外文献资料,对青贮饲料来源与分类、青贮品质评价、影响青贮品质因素的国内外现状与发展趋势进行总结,以期为相关研究提供参考。

Silage is an important source of forage in ruminant production,which is closely related to ruminant production performance and pasture economic benefits.At present,affected by the global epidemic,the price of traditional forages raw material and cost of traditional forage continue to rise.Therefore,more and more attention has been paid to the improvement of conventional silage quality and the development of cheap silage raw material.At the same time,with the specie increase of silage raw material,the previous silage evaluation system is difficult to accurately evaluate the silage with diversified raw materials.Due to the different physical and chemical properties of different silage raw materials,different fermentation conditions have different effects on the quality of silage with diversified raw materials.By collecting and sorting the literature published at home and abroad in recent years,this paper summarized the current situation and development trend of the source and classification of silage,the evaluation of silage quality,factors affecting silage quality at home and abroad,in order to provide reference and help for relevant researchers in the next stage of relevant research.